Melamine
Synonyms
1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine;
2,4,6-Triamino-s-triazine;
Category
Non-ionic surfactant
> Amine
>> Heteroaromatic Amine
>>> Triazine and its Derivatives
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 108-78-1
EINECS: 203-615-4
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C3H6N6
Molecular Weight: 126.12
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Physical - chemical properties
|
Water solubility, g/L |
3.23 (20 °C)[1] |
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse oral LD50 |
3296mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse intraperitoneal LDLo |
800mg/kg[2] |
|
rabbit skin LD50 |
> 1000mg/kg[2] |
|
rat inhalation LC50 |
3248mg/m3[2] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
3161mg/kg[2] |
|
rat intraperitoneal LDLo |
3200mg/kg[2] |
Overall carcinogenic evaluation: Group 2B (IARC).
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent emulsifying, dispersing, anticorrosive, antirust, lubricating, antistatic abilities.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), GB/T 9567 Melamine for industrial use
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as flame retardant.
Use as dispersing agent, emulsion stabilizer.
Use as antistatic agent.
Use as intermediate in organic synthesis.
2, Machinery
Antirust agent, corrosion inhibitor in metal processing.
Manufacturers
References
[1]: HSDB. 108-78-1, Melamine
[2]: ChemIDplus. 108-78-1, Melamine
Update: 20200830(1);