Minoxidil
Synonyms
2,4-Pyrimidinediamine, 6-(1-piperidinyl)-, 3-oxide;
Pyrimidine, 2,4-diamino-6-piperidino-, 3-oxide;
Category
Non-ionic surfactant
> Amine
>> Heteroaromatic Amine
>>> Pyrimidine and its Derivatives
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 38304-91-5
EINECS: 253-874-2
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C9H15N5O
Molecular Weight: 209.25
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), white or off-white crystal.
Solubility slightly soluble in water.
Physical - chemical properties
|
Water solubility, g/L |
2.2 (Not specified temperature)[1] |
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2, nitrogen oxides and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
560mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
51mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse oral LD50 |
> 1000mg/kg[2] |
|
rat intraperitoneal LD50 |
759mg/kg[2] |
|
rat intravenous LD50 |
49mg/kg[2] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
1321mg/kg[2] |
Human Toxicity
Table 2 Human toxicity values
|
man oral LDLo |
69mg/kg/34W-I[2] |
|
man oral TDLo |
0.107mg/kg/3D-I[2] |
|
women oral TDLo |
0.2mg/kg[2] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent dispersing, emulsifying, antistatic, antirust, anticorrosive abilities.
Note (1), Can slow down hair loss; can promote hair regeneration by expanding blood vessels. (2), Do not use in personal care products.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) Minoxidil
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as pharmaceutical ingredient.
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
Use as antirust agent, corrosion inhibitor.
2, Medicine
Use as pharmaceutical ingredient (antihypertensive drugs). (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
Manufacturers
References
[1]: HSDB. 38304-91-5, Minoxidil
[2]: ChemIDplus. 38304-91-5, Minoxidil
Update: 20200905(1);