Salicylic acid
Synonyms
Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-;
o-Hydroxybenzoic acid;
FEMA No. 3985;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
> Carboxylate
>> Cyclic Carboxylate
>>> Aryl Carboxylate
>>>> Hydroxybenzoate
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 69-72-7
EINECS: 200-712-3
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C7H6O3
Molecular Weight: 138.12
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Physical - chemical properties
|
Water solubility, g/L |
2.24 (25°C)[1] |
Stability stable. Easily oxidized.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
cat oral LD50 |
400mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
300mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
184mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse oral LD50 |
480mg/kg[2] |
|
rabbit oral LD50 |
1300mg/kg[2] |
|
rabbit skin LD50 |
> 10000mg/kg[2] |
|
rabbit subcutaneous LDLo |
6000mg/kg[2] |
|
rabbit inhalation LC50 |
> 900mg/m3/1H[2] |
|
rat intraperitoneal LD50 |
157mg/kg[2] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
891mg/kg[2] |
|
rat skin LD50 |
> 2000mg/kg[2] |
Reproductive effect[2].
Human Toxicity
Table 2 Human toxicity values
|
man skn TDLo |
57mg/kg[2] |
|
women skin TDLo |
111mg/kg/10D-[2] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent antimicrobial, antibacterial, preservative, anti-inflammatory, dispersing abilities.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), HG/T 3398 O-Hydroxybenzoic acid (Salicylic acid)
(1b), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) Salicylic Acid
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances or furtherly test for microorganisms, according to local regulations and standards.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as preservative.
2, Personal care products
Conditioning agent, preservative, antidandruff agent, exfoliating agent, masking agent in personal care products.
* * * * * *
Further information:
(1), (1a), In accordance with EU regulations (EC) No 1004/2014, be included in Annex V/3. When used as a preservative, maximum concentration is 0.5% (as acid).
Not to be used in products for children under 3 years of age, except for shampoos
To be marked: Not to be used for children under 3 years of age.
(1b), In accordance with EU regulations (EC) No 1223/2009, directive 2007/17/EC, be included in Annex III/98, used as a restricted ingredient.
When used in rinse-off hair products, maximum concentration is 3.0%.
When used in other products, maximum concentration is 2.0%.
Not to be used in products for children under 3 years of age, except for shampoos
To be marked: Not to be used for children under 3 years of age.
(2), (2a), In accordance with Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition) of China, be included in the allowed preservatives. Maximum concentration is 0.5% (as acid).
Not to be used in products for children under 3 years of age, except for shampoos
To be marked: Not to be used for children under 3 years of age.
(2b), In accordance with Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition) of China, be included in the restricted components.
When used in rinse-off hair products, maximum concentration is 3.0%.
When used in leave-on products and rinse-off skin products, maximum concentration is 2.0%.
Not to be used in products for children under 3 years of age, except for shampoos
To be marked: Not to be used for children under 3 years of age.
3, Food
Use as food additive (perfume).
4, Medicine
Use as pharmaceutical ingredient (disinfectant and antiseptic). (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
5, Organic synthesis
Use as intermediate in organic synthesis, for example, synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyes.
Manufacturers
References
[1]: HSDB. 69-72-7, Salicylic acid
[2]: ChemIDplus. 69-72-7, Salicylic acid
Update: 20181118(1);