Gallic acid
Synonyms
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
> Carboxylate
>> Cyclic Carboxylate
>>> Aryl Carboxylate
>>>> Hydroxybenzoate
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 149-91-7
EINECS: 205-749-9
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C7H6O5
Molecular Weight: 170.12
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Stability stable. Easily oxidized.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
4300mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
320mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit oral LD50 |
5000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat subcutaneous LDLo |
5000mg/kg[1] |
Reproductive effect[1].
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent anti-oxidizing, dispersing abilities.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), LY/T 1301 Gallic acid for industrial use
(1b), LY/T 1643 Gallic acid (high purity)
(1c), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) Gallic Acid
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances or furtherly test for microorganisms, according to local regulations and standards.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as antioxidant.
2, Personal care products
Antioxidant in personal care products.
3, Organic synthesis
Use as intermediate in organic synthesis.
4, Medicine
Pharmaceutic adjuvant, use as chelating agent, antioxidant. (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 149-91-7, Gallic acid
Update: 20140309(1); 20181118(2);