Niacinamide
Synonyms
3-Pyridinecarboxamide;
Category
Non-ionic surfactant
> Amine
>> Heteroaromatic Amine
>>> Aromatic Amide
>>>> Azaaryl Carboxylic Acid Amide
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 98-92-0
EINECS: 202-713-4
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C6H6N2O
Molecular Weight: 122.12
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2, nitrogen oxides and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
2050mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse oral LD50 |
2500mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse subcutaneous LD50 |
2000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
3500mg/kg[1] |
|
rat subcutaneous LD50 |
1680mg/kg[1] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent dispersing, emulsifying, anticorrosive, antistatic abilities. Vitamin B3 family.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), GB 7301 Feed additive -- Nicotinamide
(1b), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) Nicotinamide
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances or furtherly test for microorganisms, according to local regulations and standards.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as dispersing agent, emulsion stabilizer.
Use as micronutrient.
2, Personal care products
Conditioning agent, smoothing agent in personal care products.
3, Food
Use as food nutrition enhancer.
4, Feed
Use as feed additive.
5, Medicine
Use as pharmaceutical ingredient (vitamins).
Pharmaceutical excipient, use as solubilizer, stabilizer.
(This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 98-92-0, Niacinamide
Update: 20130917(1); 20200830(2);