Tromethamine
Synonyms
1,3-Propanediol, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-;
Trometamol;
Category
Non-ionic surfactant
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Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 77-86-1
EINECS: 201-064-4
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO3; C4H11N1O3
Molecular Weight: 121.14
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2, nitrogen oxides and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
1210mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit oral LDLo |
1000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat intravenous LD50 |
1800mg/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
5900mg/kg[1] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent cleansing, solubilizing, dispersing, emulsifying, anticorrosive, lubricating abilities.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) Trometamol
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances or furtherly test for microorganisms, according to local regulations and standards.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as solvent.
Use as cleansing agent.
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
Use as corrosion inhibitor, lubricant.
Use as intermediate in organic synthesis.
2, Personal care products
Buffering agent in personal care products.
Further information:
(1), In accordance with Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition) of China, be included in the restricted components.
In raw materials, maximum secondary amine content is 0.5%.
Maximum nitrosamine content is 50μg/kg.
The container is nitrite-free.
(2), In accordance with EU regulations (EC) No 1223/2009, directive 2003/83/EC, be included in Annex III/61.
Maximum concentration of secondary amine is 0.5% in products.
In raw materials, maximum secondary amine content is 0.5%.
Maximum nitrosamine content is 50μg/kg.
The container is nitrite-free.
3, Medicine
Pharmaceutical excipient, use as acid-base balance regulator. (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 77-86-1, Tromethamine
Update: 20130924(1); 20200725(2);