Xylitol
Synonyms
Category
Non-ionic surfactant
> Alcohol
>> Fatty Alcohol
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 87-99-0
EINECS: 201-788-0
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C5H12O5
Molecular Weight: 152.15
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse intramuscular LD50 |
10200mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
8500mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse oral LD50 |
12500mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse subcutaneous LD50 |
18300mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intraperitoneal LDLo |
22100mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit intravenous LD50 |
4000mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit oral LD50 |
25000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat intramuscular LD50 |
15000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat intravenous LD50 |
10800mg/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
16500mg/kg[1] |
|
rat subcutaneous LD50 |
> 25000mg/kg[1] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent dispersing, masking, hydrotropic abilities.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), GB 1886.234 Food safety national standard -- Food additive -- Xylitol
(1b), QB/T 4574 Liquid xylitol
(1c), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) Xylitol
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances or furtherly test for microorganisms, according to local regulations and standards.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as non-nutritive sweetener.
Use as intermediate in organic synthesis.
2, Personal care products
Conditioning agent, humectant in personal care products.
3, Food
Use as food additive (sweetener).
4, Medicine
Pharmaceutical excipient, use as sweetener. (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 87-99-0, Xylitol
Update: 20130920(1); 20190915(2)