Choline chloride
Synonyms
(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium chloride;
Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride;
Ethanaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, chloride (1:1);
Category
Cationic surfactant
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Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 67-48-1
EINECS: 200-655-4
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C5H14ClNO; C5H14N1O.Cl
Molecular Weight: 139.62
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), white crystal powder; (2), liquid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Hygroscopicity hygroscopic.
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, strong irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
cat intravenous LDLo |
25mg/kg[1] |
|
dog intravenous LDLo |
5mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
320mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
53mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse oral LD50 |
3900mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse subcutaneous LDLo |
735mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit intraperitoneal LDLo |
500mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit intravenous LDLo |
1.1mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit rectal LDLo |
1000mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit subcutaneous LDLo |
1000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat intraperitoneal LD50 |
450mg/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
3400mg/kg[1] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent antistatic, dispersing abilities.
Synthesis
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), GB 1903.36 Food safety national standard -- Food nutrition enhancer -- Choline chloride
(1b), GB 34462 Feed additive -- Choline chloride
(1c), HG/T 2941 Feed grade choline chloride
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as antistatic agent.
2, Food
Use as food nutrition enhancer.
3, Feed
Use as feed additive.
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 67-48-1, Choline chloride
Update: 20140510(1); 20190421(2);