Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate
Synonyms
Polyethylene glycol monostearate;
PEG Stearate;
Polyoxyl stearate;
Ethoxylated stearic acid;
Polyoxyethylene stearate;
Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-(1-oxooctadecyl)-omega-hydroxy-;
Category
Non-ionic surfactant
> Polyether
>> Acid Polyether
>>> Acid Polyoxyethylene Ether
>>>> Linear Alkyl Fatty Acid Polyoxyethylene Ether
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 9004-99-3
EINECS: N/A
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: (C2H4O)n.C18H36O2
Molecular Weight: N/A
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), white to pale yellow solid; or paste.
Solubility slightly soluble in water to soluble in water. The solubility increases with the increase of EO number.
Stability stable. Under strong acid or strong alkali condition, easily hydrolyzed.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
hamster oral LD50 |
19.5mL/kg[1] |
|
hamster oral LD50 |
27mL/kg[1] |
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
200mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
250mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
870mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
10000mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LD50 |
37000mg/kg[1] |
|
rabbit oral LD50 |
> 12mL/kg[1] |
|
rabbit oral LD50 |
> 15mL/kg[1] |
|
rat intraperitoneal LD50 |
> 9mL/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD |
> 10000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
53mL/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
65mL/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD50 |
> 20000mg/kg[1] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, lubricating abilities. Performance is related to EO number.
Note (1), The by-product 1,4-dioxane is a possible carcinogen. Generally, can be acceptable when concentration of 1,4-dioxane is less than 30ppm or less.
(2), Be careful with using in children's products.
Synthesis
Obtained that stearic acid reacts with ethylene epoxide.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) Polyoxyl (40) Stearate
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances or furtherly test for microorganisms, according to local regulations and standards.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
Use as solubilizing agent.
Use as lubricant.
2, Textile
Antistatic agent, softening agent, synthetic fiber oil agent in textile, chemical fiber.
3, Personal care products
Emulsifying agent, humectant, cleansing agent, opacifier in personal care products.
4, Medicine
Pharmaceutical excipient, use as solubilizing agent, emulsifying agent, base material. (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
Product members
PEG-2 Stearate (CAS: 106-11-6; EINECS: 203-363-5);
PEG-3 Stearate (CAS:10233-24-6; EINECS: 233-562-2);
PEG-4 Stearate (CAS: 106-07-0; EINECS: 203-358-8);
PEG-5 Stearate;
PEG-6 Stearate (CAS: 10108-28-8);
PEG-7 Stearate;
PEG-8 Stearate (CAS: 70802-40-3);
PEG-9 Stearate (CAS: 5349-52-0; EINECS: 226-312-9);
PEG-10 Stearate;
PEG-12 Stearate;
PEG-14 Stearate (CAS: 10289-94-8; EINECS: 233-641-1);
PEG-15 Stearate;
PEG-18 Stearate;
PEG-20 Stearate;
PEG-23 Stearate;
PEG-25 Stearate;
PEG-30 Stearate;
PEG-32 Stearate;
PEG-35 Stearate;
PEG-36 Stearate;
PEG-40 Stearate;
PEG-45 Stearate;
PEG-50 Stearate;
PEG-55 Stearate;
PEG-75 Stearate;
PEG-90 Stearate;
PEG-100 Stearate;
PEG-120 Stearate;
PEG-150 Stearate;
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 9004-99-3, Glycols, polyethylene, monostearate
Update: 20130930(1); 20191125(2);