Linoleic Acid
Synonyms
(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid;
(Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid;
9-cis,12-cis-Linoleic acid;
9Z,12Z-Linoleic acid;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
> Carboxylate
>> Chain Carboxylate
>>> Alkenyl Carboxylate
>>>> Linear Alkenyl Carboxylate
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 60-33-3
EINECS: 200-470-9
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: C18H32O2
Molecular Weight: 280.45
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), colorless to pale yellow liquid.
Odor odor of grease.
Solubility insoluble in water. soluble in ethyl ether.
Physical - chemical properties
|
Water solubility, mg/L |
1.59（25℃）[1] |
|
Melting point, °C |
-6.9[1] |
Stability stable. Easily oxidized.
Risk Liquid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
rat intraperitoneal LD50 |
> 50000mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse intraperitoneal LD50 |
280mg/kg[2] |
|
mouse oral LD50 |
> 50000mg/kg[2] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent lubricating, cleansing, emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing abilities. Nonresistant to hard water.
Note (1), Linoleic acid is easily oxidized and hardened in the air, so it is called dry acid, oil with a lot of dry acids is also called dry oil.
Synthesis
Obtained by hydrolysis and fractionation of linseed oil.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Liquid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
98.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
GB/T 5173 Surface active agents and detergents -- Determination of anionic-active matter by direct two-phase titration procedure
ISO 2271 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Determination of anionic-active matter by manual or mechanical direct two-phase titration procedure
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Liquid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances; or furtherly test for microorganisms.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as lubricant.
Use as cleansing agent.
Use as emulsifying agent, dispersing agent.
2, Household detergents
Use as cleansing agent.
3, Personal care products
Emollient, cleansing agent, antistatic agent, conditioning agent in personal care products.
4, Machinery industry
Lubricant in metal processing, machinery.
5, Organic synthesis
Widely used in preparation of linoleic acid polymer. Linoleic acid polymer can be used in personal care products, etc.
Widely used in preparation of linoleic acid ester. Linoleic acid ester can be used in personal care products, food, medicine, etc.
Widely used in preparation of linoleic acid salts. Linoleic acid salts, for example, sodium salt can be used in household cleaning products, personal care products; heavy metal salts (such as cobalt salt, lead salt and so on) can be used in paint industry.
Used in preparation of stearic acid.
6, Pets
Use as cleansing agent, emulsifying agent.
7, Food
Use as food additive (perfume, FEMA No. 3380).
8, Industrial cleaning
Cleansing agent in industrial cleaning products.
9, Coatings
Drier in paint
Manufacturers
References
[1]: HSDB. 60-33-3, Linoleic Acid
[2]: ChemIDplus. 60-33-3, Linoleic Acid
Update: 20131102(1); 20180330(2);