Sodium Ligninsulfonate
Synonyms
Lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt;
Sodium lignosulfonate;
Sodium polignate;
Polignate sodium;
Category
Anionic Surfactant
> Sulfonate
>> Chain Sulfonate
>>> Natural Substances Sulfonate
>>>> Natural Substances (Plant Origin) Sulfonate
Chemical Numbering System
CAS: 8061-51-6
EINECS: N/A
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: N/A
Molecular Weight: N/A
Structure
Main structural groups:
Properties
Appearance (1), yellow-brown to brown powder; (2), liquid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Stability stable in alkali. Adjust the pH value to acidic, can separate out.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, moderate irritation to skin, eye, respiratory. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS label: 
Animal Toxicity
Table 1 Animal toxicity values
|
mouse oral LD50 |
6030mg/kg[1] |
|
mouse intravenous LDLo |
500mg/kg[1] |
|
rat oral LD |
>10000mg/kg[1] |
|
rat intraperitoneal LD50 |
260mg/kg[1] |
|
rat inhalation LC |
> 480mg/m3/4h[1] |
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent dispersing, emulsifying, wetting, permeating, chelating abilities. Good chelating effect to heavy metals, particularly iron, copper, and stannous ion.
Note (1), Avoid using in children products, such as shower gels, shampoo, skin care products, and so on.
Synthesis
Lignosulfonate is usually prepared from papermaking wastewater.
For further information, see:
United States Patent 9,447,131 Lignosulfonate of a certain quality and method of preparation of lignosulfonate of a certain quality,
Li Xuesong. Treatment of papermaking wastewater by a precipitation method. Journal of Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Vol.35, No.5, 2008, and so on.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
|
Solid (crude) |
Solid (refined) |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
40.0 - 70.0 |
80.0 |
|
Reducing substances, %, ≤ |
2.0 - 4.0 |
2.0 - 4.0 |
|
pH (25°C, 1% solution) |
7.5 - 10.5 |
7.5 - 10.5 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
(2), Reducing substances
HG/T 3507 Sodium lignie sulphonate dispersing agent
(3), pH
GB/T 6368 Surface active agents -- Determination of pH of aqueous solution - Potentiometric method
ISO 4316 Surface active agents -- Determination of pH of aqueous solutions -- Potentiometric method
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), HG/T 3507 Sodium lignie sulphonate dispersing agent
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances; or furtherly test for microorganisms.
Major Uses
1, Typical Applications
Use as water-reducing agent.
Use as dispersing agent.
Use as adhesive.
Use as wetting agent.
2, Concrete
Widely use as water-reducing agent.
3, Dyes
Dispersing agent, filler in dyes.
4, Personal care products
Use as surfactant.
5, Feed
Use as adhesive, particularly for crude lignosulfonate.
Manufacturers
References
[1]: ChemIDplus. 8061-51-6, Sodium lignosulfonate
Update: 20131027(1); 20170710(2);