Caramel
Synonyms
Natural Brown 10;
Category
Special Surfactant
> Browning Reaction Product
Chemical Numbering System
CASRN: 8028-89-5
EINECS: 232-435-9
Molecular Formula & Molecular Weight
Molecular Formula: N/A
Molecular Weight: N/A
Structure
Properties
Appearance (1), solid; (2), liquid.
Solubility soluble in water.
Stability stable.
Risk Solid form: flammable material; irritation, irritation to skin, eye, respiratory system. Harmful products of combustion are CO, CO2 and so on. Contact with strong oxidants, can cause to burn.
GHS (Rev.10) label: 
Ecology may be hazardous to environment. Water body should be given special attention.
Biodegradability biodegradable.
Characteristics excellent masking, dyeing abilities. Nonenzymatic browning reaction, Caramelization reaction.
Synthesis
Made from carbohydrate (such as sucrose, glucose, syrup, etc.) by heating.
Quality Standards & Test Methods
1, Physical and chemical indexes
|
Item |
Physical and chemical indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Actives, %, ≥ |
95.0 |
Test Methods
(1), Actives
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
2, Hazardous substances indexes
|
Item |
Hazardous substances indexes |
|
Solid |
|
|
Heavy metals (as Pb), mg/kg, ≤ |
20 |
|
As, mg/kg, ≤ |
3 |
Test Methods
(1), Heavy metals (as Pb)
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30799 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of heavy metals
(2), As
Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition)
GB/T 30797 The test method of food detergents -- Determination of total arsenic
3, Product standards
(1), Chinese standards
(1a), GB 1886.64 Food safety national standard -- Food additive -- Caramel
(1b), Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) Caramel
4, Further explanation
(a), On physical and chemical indexes: firstly, shall be indicated carbon atom distribution; secondly, shall be indicated average molecular weight.
(b), Used in cosmetics, should be test for harmful substances; or furtherly test for microorganisms.
Major Uses
1, Typical applications
Use as dye.
2, Personal care products
Dye, perfume in personal care products.
Further information:
(1), In accordance with Safety and Technical Standards for Cosmetics (2015 Edition) of China, be included in the allowable colorants.
Can be applied to all kinds of products.
(2), In accordance with EU regulations (EC) 2009/1223, directive 88/667/EEC, be included in Annex IV/146.
3, Medicine
Pharmaceutical excipient, use as coloring agent. (This section is for reference only, should be implemented according to local Pharmacopoeia.)
4, Food
Use as food additive (coloring agent).
Manufacturers